What: Spin-outs are private companies created to commercialise academic research outputs, such as new technologies, scientific discoveries and intellectual property (IP). They are developed within a university or research institution, usually founded by academics or researchers. Commonly in the UK, the parent institution will hold shares in the company by licensing the relevant IP or […]
What: A private company limited by guarantee is a legal structure commonly used by charities in the United Kingdom, although it is also sometimes used by other membership organisations such as sports clubs. The main way it differs from regular company types is that it does not operate through share capital or shareholders. Instead, company
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What: Tribally owned enterprises are a distinct form of collective business ownership. They are businesses owned and controlled by Indigenous nations, tribes, First Nations, or other recognised Indigenous governing bodies. In the United States, many tribally owned enterprises operate within frameworks of tribal sovereignty and are governed through tribal institutions and legal systems. Tribally owned
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What: Community-owned enterprises (COEs) are owned and controlled by members of a community. They engage in commercial activity through the enterprise to generate benefits for that community. Unlike conventional privately owned businesses, COEs tend to focus on community needs and social, economic or environmental objectives, with profits or surpluses often reinvested to support these aims.
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What: Thesis-driven philanthropic funds are an approach to philanthropic giving. It is premised on the idea that many high-net-worth individuals wish to make a meaningful contribution to society, but experience barriers when it comes to the process. It seeks to increase the proportions of wealth these individuals are able to give by addressing some of
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What: Employee ownership trusts (EOTs) are a tax-incentivised government initiative, created to encourage employee ownership. Essentially, the company will sell a controlling stake of the company – 50% or more – to the employee ownership trust. The trust then holds these shares for the employees. Unlike other employee ownership models, no single employee owns a
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